Table 2 Vaccine responder group for CD4 + and CD8 + T cells at day 90.

From: Impact of age and comorbidities on SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-induced T cell immunity

  

Day 90 CD4 + response group

Day 90 CD8 + response group

  

Responder

Hypo-responder

p-value

Responder

Hypo-responder

p-value

Number of participants, n (%)

399 (86.4)

63 (13.6)

 

330 (73.5)

119 (26.5)

 

Baseline characteristics

Age at enrollment, median [Q1,Q3]

66 [52,71]

72 [58,78]

0.002

64 [52,70]

68 [54,76]

0.015

Age group, n (%)

      <65

192 (89.7)

22 (10.3)

<0.001

166 (77.9)

47 (22.1)

0.001

      65–74

123 (91.8)

11 (8.2)

 

101 (77.7)

29 (22.3)

 

      ≥75

84 (73.7)

30 (26.3)

 

63 (59.4)

43 (40.6)

 

Sex, n (%)

     Male

186 (83.0)

38 (17.0)

0.059

154 (71.6)

61 (28.4)

0.451

     Female

213 (89.5)

25 (10.5)

 

176 (75.2)

58 (24.8)

 

Vaccine type, n (%)

    BNT162b2

184 (76.7)

56 (23.3)

<0.001

130 (57.0)

98 (43.0)

<0.001

    mRNA-1273

208 (97.7)

5 (2.3)

 

194 (91.5)

18 (8.5)

 

    ChAdOx1+mRNA

7 (77.8)

2 (22.2)

 

6 (66.7)

3 (33.3)

 

Days between first and second dose, median [Q1,Q3]

33 [22,35]

23 [21,27]

<0.001

35 [22,35]

23 [21,28]

<0.001

Days from first vaccine to third study visit, median [Q1,Q3] CCI, n (%)

91 [88,95]

91 [89,92]

0.922

91 [88,95]

91 [88,95]

0.348

     0

313 (89.2)

38 (10.8)

0.004

264 (77.2)

78 (22.8)

0.005

     1–2

72 (79.1)

19 (20.9)

 

55 (63.2)

32 (36.8)

 

     >2

14 (70.0)

6 (30.0)

 

11 (55.0)

9 (45.0)

 

Comorbidities in the previous 5 years, n

     Myocardial infarction

5

<5*

0.587

<5*

<5*

0.193

     Congestive heart failure

11

<5*

0.694

8

5

0.343

     Peripheral vascular disease

<5*

<5*

0.521

<5*

<5*

1.000

     Cerebrovascular disease

16

<5*

0.733

15

<5*

0.423

     Dementia

      

     Chronic pulmonary disease

11

7

0.006

11

7

0.274

     Rheumatological disease

5

5

0.006

8

<5*

0.456

     Peptic ulcer disease

<5*

 

1.000

<5*

 

1.000

     Mild liver disease

6

<5*

0.299

<5*

5

0.034

     Diabetes without chronic complications

13

<5*

0.269

11

6

0.407

     Diabetes with chronic complications

 

<5*

0.136

 

<5*

0.265

     Hemiplegia or paraplegia

      

     Any malignancy, including leukemia and lymphoma

46

9

0.531

32

20

0.045

     Moderate or severe liver disease

<5*

<5*

0.445

<5*

<5*

0.059

     Metastatic solid tumor

<5*

<5*

0.254

<5*

<5*

0.460

     AIDS/HIV

7

<5*

0.353

6

<5*

0.705

     Renal disease

<5*

<5*

0.521

<5*

<5*

0.612

     Organ transplantation

23

<5*

1.000

13

13

0.010

Day 90 immune response

Serological vaccine responder group, n (%)

     Hypo

27 (75.0)

9 (25.0)

0.006

16 (44.4)

20 (55.6)

<0.001

     Moderate

83 (79.0)

22 (21.0)

 

65 (64.4)

36 (35.6)

 

     High

286 (89.9)

32 (10.1)

 

247 (79.9)

62 (20.1)

 

Total SARS CoV-2 Spike IgG Antibodies (AU/mL ·105), median [Q1,Q3]

2.96 [1.08,4.58]

1.14 [0.48,2.40]

<0.001

3.45 [1.54,4.65]

1.02 [0.44,2.43]

<0.001

Post day 90

Breakthrough Infection, n (%)

     Yes

119 (87.5)

17 (12.5)

0.766

98 (73.1)

36 (26.9)

0.907

     No

280 (85.9)

46 (14.1)

 

232 (73.7)

83 (26.3)

 

Follow-up days, median [Q1,Q3]

228 [196,258]

264 [242,266]

<0.001

217 [195,257]

250 [236,272]

<0.001

  1. *Groups with small numbers (<5 participants per cell) where there is the potential that individual participants could be identified or be able to identify themselves have been edited to maintain participant confidentiality.
Back to article page