Fig. 1: The association between the Mediterranean diet score or nutrient intake and odds of MS. | Communications Medicine

Fig. 1: The association between the Mediterranean diet score or nutrient intake and odds of MS.

From: Mediterranean diet and associations with the gut microbiota and pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis using trivariate analysis

Fig. 1

aMED alternate Mediterranean diet score, OR odds ratio, CIs confidence intervals. The associations between the aMED score, whole-grains (oz equiv./d), fiber (g/d), and iron (mg/d) intakes and multiple sclerosis (MS) risk are represented as odds ratios adjusted for total energy intake (kcal/d), age (in years) at food frequency questionnaire completion, and sex, their 95% CIs, and P-values. A total of n = 44 MS cases and n = 51 controls were assessed. Results were similar when reassessed for the subgroup of participants with only a stool sample (n = 27 MS cases and n = 32 controls), albeit associations with iron did not reach significance (P > 0.05). The x-axes units are in log 10 scale. An OR < 1 is a “protective” association, meaning that an increase in the dietary intake is associated with a lower odds of MS, and an OR > 1 is a ‘detrimental’ association, meaning that an increase in the dietary intake is associated with a higher odds of MS. For example, an OR of 0.66 for aMED means that a 1-point increase in the aMED score for an individual is associated with a 34% lower odds of MS. Source data are provided as a Source Data File.

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