Fig. 2: Individual history and family history, including parents, same-sex twins, and full siblings, of gastrointestinal disorders and the risk of psychiatric disorders. | Communications Medicine

Fig. 2: Individual history and family history, including parents, same-sex twins, and full siblings, of gastrointestinal disorders and the risk of psychiatric disorders.

From: A population-based study of familial coaggregation and shared genetic etiology of psychiatric and gastrointestinal disorders

Fig. 2

a Peptic ulcer disease (PUD). b Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). c Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). d Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Odds ratio and 95% confidence interval represent the association estimated in the within-individual analyses and in within-family analysis of different types of relatives. Purple triangle indicates schizophrenia (SCZ), gray diamond indicates bipolar disorder (BPD), pink square indicates major depressive disorder (MDD), and brown circle indicates obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The sample size for analyses of individual history and parental history = 4,504,612, same-sex twins = 51,664, and full siblings = 3,322,959.

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