Fig. 4: Histopathological assessment after radiotherapy at 25 Gy (RT – 25 Gy).

The left column displays controls (a, d, g), the central column displays conventional RT (b, e, h), and the right column displays miniGRID (c, f, i). Gy refers to Gray.HE staining is employed in a, b, c; Iba-1 and GFAP stainings are used in d, e, f and g, h, I, respectively. Compared to the control group (a), RT (b, c) caused large pale foci of necrosis (*) that were often close to lateral ventricles (v), foci with neurons and vacuoles that swelled up (arrowhead), and foci that were full of cell debris and had more cells (arrow). These foci and their surroundings were rich in cells positive for Iba-1, which corresponded to microgliosis (d–f), and in cells positive for GFAP (g, h, i), which corresponded to astrocytosis.