Fig. 3: Forest plot of comparative ocular outcomes in obesity with Tirzepatide and Semaglutide versus other weight-lowering medications. | Communications Medicine

Fig. 3: Forest plot of comparative ocular outcomes in obesity with Tirzepatide and Semaglutide versus other weight-lowering medications.

From: Comparative ocular outcomes of tirzepatide versus other anti-obesity medications in people with obesity

Fig. 3

Forest plot shows hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals for ocular outcomes comparing anti-obesity medications in individuals with BMI ≥ 27 kg/m² (November 2023–April 2025). a presents Tirzepatide versus Semaglutide comparisons. b–g show comparisons against traditional medications: b Tirzepatide versus Naltrexone/Bupropion, c Phentermine, and d Phentermine/Topiramate; e Semaglutide versus Naltrexone/Bupropion, f Phentermine, and g Phentermine/Topiramate. Event counts appear below treatment names, with matched cohort percentages in parentheses. Horizontal error bars represent 95% confidence intervals from Cox proportional hazards models. Hazard ratios below 1.0 favor the first medication listed. Statistical testing used log-rank analysis with Bonferroni correction (p < 0.0083). NCOs negative control outcomes.

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