Fig. 2: Identification of fetal-specific epicardial cells in human hearts.

Higher-resolution clustering of the integrated dataset reveals distinct stage-specific epicardial and other cell type populations as shown in ai, a two-dimensional UMAP of cluster assignments, and the fraction of fetal cells within each cluster (aii). The absolute number of cells across fetal or adult conditions in b—a bidirectional bar chart shows stage bias of each cluster. Differential expression analysis between clusters with the top upregulated genes in c shows marker genes used in cluster annotation and identification. d, The expression of established markers of epicardial, fibroblast, smooth muscle cell (SMC) and EMT markers within epicardial subpopulations.