Extended Data Fig. 3: Associations of long-term PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and NOx exposure with the risk of TAAD in the UK Biobank examined using the Fine-Gray proportional sub-distribution hazards model.

Cumulative incidence curves were plotted using the cumulative incidence function as implemented in the ‘cmprsk’ R package. Abbreviations: PM2.5, particulate matter with diameter <2.5 μm; PM10, particulate matter with diameter <10 μm; NO2, nitrogen dioxide; NOx, nitrogen oxides; TAAD, thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection.