Fig. 3: Distribution of ambition, emissions and progress by companies’ end-target status. | npj Climate Action

Fig. 3: Distribution of ambition, emissions and progress by companies’ end-target status.

From: Red flags in green promises: a framework for identifying greenwashing risk in corporate climate pledges

Fig. 3

a–f Compare kernel density distributions of six metrics across companies grouped by end-target status (Achieved; Underway/in corporate strategy; New/declaration/pledge; Other). Firms with Achieved targets tend to show lower stated reduction targets and lower baseline and inventory emissions, while New and Underway targets concentrate at mid-range reduction targets and higher logged emissions. Annualized ambition is generally concentrated at low single-digit rates across target statuses. LobbyMap scores are shifted higher (0 = F; 1 = D; 2 = C-; 3 = B-; 4 = A-; therefore the higher scores the better the LobbyMap rating) for Achieved companies, whereas “Other” target status clusters at lower scores.

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