Fig. 2: Downlink/uplink BERs (BERs, bit error rates)/EVMs (EVMs, error vector magnitudes) and associated constellation diagrams. | Communications Engineering

Fig. 2: Downlink/uplink BERs (BERs, bit error rates)/EVMs (EVMs, error vector magnitudes) and associated constellation diagrams.

From: 5G wavelength-division-multiplexing-based bidirectional optical wireless communication system with signal remodulation employing cascaded reflective semiconductor optical amplifiers

Fig. 2

a BERs and b EVMs at different received MMW (MMW, millimeter-wave) powers over 100-m optical wireless link, at wavelengths of λ1 and λ2 (downlink/uplink). Blue triangle/line indicates 9.1-Gbit/s/28-GHz signal (λ1, 1549.3 nm; downlink), brown circle/line indicates 9.1-Gbit/s/28-GHz signal (λ2, 1550.9 nm; downlink), red rhombus/line indicates 9.1-Gbit/s/24-GHz signal (λ1, two RSOAs, uplink), black square/line indicates 9.1-Gbit/s/24-GHz signal (λ2, two RSOAs, uplink), red hollow rhombus/line indicates 9.1-Gbit/s/24-GHz signal (λ1, one RSOA, uplink), and black hollow square/line indicates 9.1-Gbit/s/24-GHz signal (λ2, one RSOA, uplink). The error bars represent the standard deviations of the measured data from three experimental trials. The associated constellation diagrams of (c) 9.1-Gbit/s/28-GHz and d 9.1-Gbit/s/24-GHz 16-QAM-OFDM (16-QAM-OFDM, 16-quadrature amplitude modulation-orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing) signals over 100-m optical wireless link, at wavelength of λ1 (downlink/uplink) with a BER of 3.8 × 10−3 and 2.6 × 10−3.

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