Table 3 Comparison table of On-chip solar cells

Technical Features

NW with p+ fingers

Backside-illuminated

Triple-well

Triple-well

Two photodiodes in series

IBC-PVs

Triple-well (Device I)

Triple-well Segmentation & metal optimization (Device II)

Light source

Green laser (532 nm)

Laser (980 nm)

White LED

Halogen lamp

Laser (830 nm)

980 nm illumination

Solar simulator

Solar simulator

Incident light intensity

34.2 μW

5 mW

31 klux

1.13 mW/mm²

79.45 μW/mm²

1 mW

1 mW/mm²

1 mW/mm²

Footprint Area (mm²)

0.000338

1.52

0.0136

1.3

0.2 + 1.3^a

N/A

0.01

0.01

V_oc (V)

0.533

0.6

0.52

0.53

0.8^a

N/A

0.49

0.495

I_sc (μA)

0.23

3826

0.92

750

6.24^a

N/A

5.72

6.72

P_out (μW)

0.076^b

1668.9

N/A

322

4.17^a

N/A

2.195

2.58

FF

0.62

0.73

N/A

0.81

0.84^a

N/A

0.78

0.78

Eff. (%)

24

33.37

N/A

21.9

3.5^a

20.33

21.95

25.79