Fig. 4: Electrodes for soft EA device.

a Inkjet-printed metal electrode with high resolution. Reproduced with permission17. Copyright 2020 IEEE. b Direct ink writing-printed AgNWs electrode on various substate. Reproduced with permission16. Copyright 2023 American Chemical Society. c Schematic diagram of the fabrication process of EA device with conductive silicone electrode. Reproduced with permission59. Copyright 2019 Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. Reproduced under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License (CC BY 3.0)15. Copyright 2018 IOP Publishing Ltd. d Inkjet-printed ionic conductor as the electrode of EA device. Reproduced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)65. Copyright The Author(s) 2023.