Fig. 3: Contributions of ten Kenyan small-scale fisheries to the 12 SDGs (right), with a summary plot (left). Scale: 1 = least desirable situation; 5 = most desirable situation.

Certain fisheries demonstrated particular strengths in specific SDGs. The estuarine catfish and small pelagic contributed significantly to SDG 2 (Zero hunger), while small pelagic and ring nets advanced SDG 5 (Gender equality). Sea cucumber and small pelagic fisheries had high contributions towards SDG 11 (Sustainable cities and communities). The Lobster fishery also had a high contribution towards SDG 8 (Decent work and economic growth). In contrast, handline fishery performed poorly across SDGs. The contributions of SSFs to SDGs 9 (Industry, innovation, and infrastructure) and 17 (Partnerships for the goals) were limited. For some fisheries, such as estuarine catfish, shrimp, and lobster, information regarding SDG 9 was not documented. Similarly, data on SDG 17 were lacking for estuarine catfish and handline fisheries.