Table 2 The types of zones and their primary use defined for Algoa Bay

1

Conservation priority zone

Conservation and protection of biodiversity and related ecosystem health, as well as the functioning of ecosystem services.

Reefs, penguin foraging areas, fish nurseries.

2

Non-extractive community priority zone

Non-extractive activities that have little impact on ecosystem health. Areas of socio-cultural importance identified by Indigenous and local co-researchers are also included (Strand et al. In Review).

Recreational and tourism activities such as boating, whale and bird watching, water sports, scuba diving, and shark cage diving and sites of historical artifacts.

Socio-cultural areas include those important for heritage, spiritual activities and learning.

3

Extractive community priority zone:

Non-commercial extractive activities. To avoid potential competition for resources, commercial fisheries are not prioritized in this zone (although recreational and subsistence fishing is predominantly onshore whereas commercial fisheries are predominantly offshore).

Recreational and subsistence fishing

4

Commercial fisheries priority zone

Fisheries working for a profit, i.e., commercial and small-scale fishing

Small-pelagic fishery

5

Mining priority zone

Mining exploration and extraction

6

Ship-to-ship bunkering priority zone

Anchorage areas were used as a proxy for this zone. Although anchorage areas exist in the bay, within the prioritization algorithm, these areas were not zoned because many of the feature layers overlap with them. However, depending on the scenario (defined below), anchorage area one, or areas one and two, were locked into the solution as a proxy for bunkering.

7

Mariculture exclusive zone

Mariculture (exclusively)

Bivalves