Table 3 Cortisol and cortisone.

From: Effects of limiting digital screen use on well-being, mood, and biomarkers of stress in adults

Outcomes

Control (n = 82)

Intervention (n = 82)

Intervention effect

 

Baseline

Change

Baseline

Change

   
 

Mean

SD

Mean Change

95% CI

Mean

SD

Mean Change

95% CI

Mean difference in change

95%CI

P value

Cortisol

Awakening sample, nmol/L

7.69

5.71

0.39

−0.22 to 0.99

7.74

5.84

−0.24

−0.85 to 0.36

−0.63

−1.48 to 0.23

0.151

Diurnal cortisol slope, nmol/L/time

−0.39

0.24

−0.00

−0.05 to 0.04

−0.41

0.27

0.02

−0.02 to 0.07

0.03

−0.04 to 0.09

0.396

Cortisol awakening response 30, nmol/L

4.66

4.98

0.16

−0.71 to 1.03

4.52

5.29

0.49

−0.37 to 1.35

0.34

−0.89 to 1.56

0.592

Cortisol awakening response 45, nmol/L

2.91

4.86

0.49

−0.43 to 1.41

3.32

5.64

0.44

−0.47 to 1.35

−0.05

−1.34 to 1.25

0.942

Cortisol awakening response peak, nmol/L

5.04

5.19

0.17

−0.70 to 1.04

5.18

5.54

0.13

−0.73 to 1.00

−0.04

−1.26 to 1.19

0.954

Cortisol awakening response aucG

13.82

5.06

0.27

−0.56 to 1.09

13.81

5.38

−0.01

−0.82 to 0.81

−0.27

−1.43 to 0.89

0.647

Cortisol awakening response aucI

2.34

5.57

0.25

−0.76 to 1.26

2.37

6.01

0.63

−0.38 to 1.63

0.38

−1.05 to 1.80

0.604

Cortisone

Awakening sample, nmol/L

27.86

16.07

1.70

0.33 to 3.07

28.56

17.42

−0.27

−1.64 to 1.10

−1.97

−3.91 to −0.03

0.046

Diurnal cortisone slope, nmol/L/time

−1.41

0.55

−0.02

−0.13 to 0.08

−1.46

0.62

−0.02

−0.12 to 0.08

0.00

−0.14 to 0.15

0.960

Cortisone awakening response 30, nmol/L

12.33

9.41

0.91

−0.86 to 2.67

13.03

11.59

0.89

−0.87 to 2.64

−0.02

−2.51 to 2.47

0.988

Cortisone awakening response 45, nmol/L

10.37

10.60

1.18

−0.82 to 3.17

12.17

14.35

0.92

−1.05 to 2.89

−0.26

−3.06 to 2.55

0.858

Cortisone awakening response peak, nmol/L

13.86

10.18

1.28

−0.57 to 3.14

15.53

13.42

0.22

−1.62 to 2.06

−1.06

−3.67 to 1.54

0.424

Cortisone awakening response aucG

48.46

11.50

1.97

−0.05 to 4.00

49.65

12.13

0.81

−1.20 to 2.83

−1.16

−4.02 to 1.70

0.426

Cortisone awakening response aucI

5.17

10.78

0.58

−1.44 to 2.59

6.04

13.56

1.28

−0.72 to 3.29

0.71

−2.13 to 3.55

0.625

  1. Baseline columns report raw mean and standard deviations. Change columns report estimated within-group change scores and 95% confidence intervals. Mean difference in change column report estimated intervention effects (interaction between time and group adjusted for the baseline value of the outcome and age). The number of families/participants included in the models ranged from 87–89 families/156–160 adults. See methods section “Cortisol and cortisone” for the elaboration of different cortisol and cortisone awakening response measures.
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