Fig. 1: Study sites and partner hunter communities.

A total of 314 hunters self-reported their hunts and the animals they killed over a period of 10 to 42 months, depending on the studied hunter communities (empty diamond). Additionally, 75% of these hunters agreed to carry GPS to record hunting trips. Hunting tracks were used to map the territories shared by all hunters from the same hunter community using movement-based kernel analysis (see Methods). The colors of each hunting territory denote the degree of faunal degradation compared to the baseline faunal assemblage of the Ivindo National Park (see Fig. 2 and Supplementary Table 1). Camera trap arrays (black triangles), roads (black lines) and railways (dashed), and the Ogooué River and its affluents (blue lines) are also indicated across the studied area in Gabon.