Fig. 1: Study population flow diagram.

Flow diagram illustrating participant selection from the WHALE Study between 2010 and 2023. Steps include data screening and preparation, analysis of depression risk and sensitivity, and trajectory analysis of longitudinal biomarkers. Exclusion criteria and final sample sizes are indicated at each stage. FDR, FDR-corrected P value. Credit: erythrocyte and lymphocyte icons, graphicsrf, Vecteezy.com.