Fig. 2: Schematic summary of the impact of purine synthesis alterations on antibiotic tolerance, persistence, and resistance.
From: The impact of bacterial purine metabolism on antibiotic efficacy
Purine synthesis gene variations are shown either as gene deletions/disruptions (Δ) or point mutations (Mut), with the two italicised letters before the protein name indicating the bacterial species (Ec = E. coli, Sa = S. aureus, Et = Edwardsiella tarda, Vs = Vibrio splendidus, Se = Salmonella enterica, Ms = Mycobacterium smegmatis, Ng = Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Bs = Bacillus subtilis). Other abbreviations indicate resistant bacteria: methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (VISA), extended-spectrum beta-lactamase E. coli (ESBL-Ec), carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB), daptomycin non-susceptible S. aureus (SaDAPNS). Boxes indicate key purine metabolite/purine-derived messenger conditions that have been implicated in various aspects of antibiotic efficacy. Arrow colouring indicates the antibiotic efficacy state that the variation leads to. See Fig. 1 for details of which step in the purine synthesis pathway each enzyme catalyses.
