Fig. 5: Pictorial representation of the projections of the U.S. House of Representatives, obtained within the zero-deflated scheme (first and second column) and the zero-inflated scheme (third and fourth column), induced by the BiSRGM-FT.

Entries equal to −1 are coloured in red, entries equal to 0 are coloured in white, and entries equal to +1 are coloured in blue. The rows and columns of these adjacency matrices are re-ordered on the basis of the mesoscopic structures spotted by either minimising BIC (top panels) or the frustration F (bottom panels). As the optimisation of F is solely driven by signed membership, it returns a partition defined by i) a smaller number of modules than those individuated by BIC when the majority of validated links is positive and ii) a larger number of modules than those individuated by BIC when the majority of validated links is negative.