Table 1 Stimulus Questions asked to all participants in study two

From: Strategic attitude expressions as identity performance and identity creation in interaction

Attitude

% Agree (total sample)

Do you think your country of origin should extend unlimited welcome to as many refugees as need safe refuge?

56.1

Many companies have withdrawn from Russia. Some argue that it is necessary to destabilize Russia and undermines Putin’s position and control. Others argue that this leaves innocent civilians without employment or access to necessary resources. Do you think that companies should withdraw from Russia?

83.9

Do you think NATO’s expansion had a strong influence on Russia’s invasion of Ukraine?

59

Do you think that the majority of the news you consume about the war is unbiased, accurate and fact checked?

35.3

Do you think your country of residence should give money towards Ukrainian forces?

73.8

Do you think your country of residence should give arms/weapons to Ukrainian forces?

67.8

Do you think Ukraine should be offered entrance into NATO?

79.6

Do you think your country of residence should send troops to fight alongside Ukrainian forces?

27.5

Do you think your country of residence should refuse to engage with Russia for as long as Putin remains president?

77.9

Social media sites such as Instagram and Facebook made exceptions to their policy against inciting violence, so long as the posts represented political expression against Russian forces invading Ukraine. Social media sites made the right decision to allow these posts inciting violence:

27.3

The current situation is that western Europe needs to import 75% of its oil and 50% of its gas, and Russia fulfils most of this requirement. Do you think that your countries should refuse to buy oil/gas from Russia, knowing that this may lead to inflation in fuel prices or oil/gas shortages?

68.9