Fig. 4: Impulse response functions of loneliness and mood states.

Diamonds represent starting positions for impulse responses; Panel A = Loneliness with a one standard deviation increase above equilibrium; Panel B = Loneliness with a one standard deviation below equilibrium; Panel C = Happiness with a one standard deviation above equilibrium and sadness and anxiety with a one standard deviation below equilibrium; Panel D = Happiness with a one standard deviation below equilibrium and sadness and anxiety with a one standard deviation above equilibrium. The dashed lines represent 95% confidence intervals.