Fig. 4: Gn-Gc modulates TOSV replication rates in A549 Npro cells.

A Schematic representation of the M polyprotein sequence alignment between rTOSV-A and rTOSV-B. Each vertical bar represents an amino acid substitution. The region corresponding to either NSm or Gn-Gc protein is indicated. Light grey regions indicate transmembrane domains. The dashed lines show the limits of the exchanged coding sequence in the NSm or Gn-Gc chimeric viruses. B–D Growth curves in A549 Npro cells infected with rTOSV-A, rTOSV-B or NSm (B), rTOSV-A-GnGcB (C), or rTOSV-B-GnGcA (D) chimeric viruses (MOI = 0.01). Cell supernatants were collected at 24-, 48-, and 72-hours post-infection, and viral titers were obtained by TCID50 limiting-dilution assays in A549V cells. Each experiment was performed in triplicate and at least three times independently. Bars indicate standard deviations. Light grey dashed lines indicate the threshold of virus detection [2.25 Log₁₀(TCID50/mL)]. Statistical significance was determined using multiple Wilcoxon tests with the BY p-value adjustment method: p < 0.05 (*) and p < 0.01 (**). Black and grey stars indicate the statistical significance of chimeric viruses compared to their corresponding parental virus (i.e., rTOSV-A or rTOSV-B, respectively).