Fig. 1: Multi-level segmentation of the human kidney arterial network.

A Overview of the hierarchical image volumes that can be acquired with Hierarchical Phase-Contrast Tomography (HiP-CT). Brown, cyan and yellow volumes show the whole organ acquired at 25 µm per voxel, with sub-volumes (Aii) acquired at 6 and 2.6 µm per voxel, respectively, in the intact human kidney. Bi–iv Vascular segmentation performed across the three resolutions of HiP-CT data, enabling the intact arterial network to be visualised and segmented. Red arrows in (Biv) indicate segmented glomeruli. Ci Diagram of the anatomical organisation of the human kidney arterial network, with insert in (Cii) showing the smaller arterioles and capillaries. D The vasculature of the HiP-CT imaged kidney was partitioned into four territories, with each territory denoted by a different colour.