Fig. 5: Comparison of historical floods to 2022 and their behavior in 2010. | npj Natural Hazards

Fig. 5: Comparison of historical floods to 2022 and their behavior in 2010.

From: Flood risk assessment with machine learning: insights from the 2022 Pakistan mega-flood and climate adaptation strategies

Fig. 5

Panel (a–d) shows the chronological sequence of Major Flood Events in Pakistan, including the Number of Deaths, Affected Areas, Affected People, and Economic Losses. Panel (e) shows the primary source of the two floodwaters of the mega-flood in 2010 and 2022. In 2010, the flood mainly originated in northern Pakistan (Gilgit-Baltistan Province) and Panjab Province. However, the flood in 2020 primarily derived from the Koh-e-Suleman Range and the Kerther Range. (The base map in panel (e) is from the USGS).

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