Table 1 Coupled human-infrastructure features and datasets

Socio-demographic characteristic

Median income

Household median income in 2017

U.S. Census Bureau table data⁹⁹

Protective action features

Preparedness proactivity

Maximum POI visits during preparedness period relative to normal baseline in pharmacy

Safegraph, Inc; Spectus; Microsoft building footprint^78,90,94

Maximum POI visits during preparedness period relative to normal baseline in gas station

Safegraph, Inc; Spectus; Microsoft building footprint^78,90,94

Evacuation rate

Maximum evacuation rate relative to normal baseline at CBG level

Spectus⁷⁸

Infrastructure and building disruptions

Flooded roads

Total distance that has null traffic speed

INRIX¹⁰⁰

Number of flood claims

The total count of flood claims within each census block group area

Federal Emergency Management

Agency National Flood Insurance Program⁸⁹

Total building damage amount

The actual cash value of the damage that the main property sustained is shown in terms of whole dollars.

Federal Emergency Management

Agency National Flood Insurance Program⁸⁹

Building Damage Ratio

The building damage ratio was determined by dividing the total number of claims by the total number of buildings in a given area.

Federal Emergency Management

Agency National Flood Insurance Program, and Microsoft Building Footprints^89,90

Telecommunication data

Maximum download kbps changing rate during hazard relative to normal baseline

Ookla⁹¹

Recovery features

Essential activity recovery

Essential human mobility recovery data (essential POI)

Spectus⁷⁸

Non-essential Activity Recovery

Non-essential human mobility recovery data (non-essential POI)

Spectus⁷⁸

Essential credit card transaction recovery

Essential credit card activity

Safegraph⁹⁴

Non-essential credit card transaction recovery

Non-essential credit card transactions recovery

Safegraph⁹⁴