Table 2 Baseline risk factors significantly associated with cardiotoxicities following CAR T-cell therapy

From: Cardiovascular complications of cellular immunotherapies and associated risk factors

Study

Population

Sample size

CRS grade

CV risk factors

Biomarkers

Echocardiographic parameters

Burstein, et al.24

Pediatric B-ALL

98

Not Reported

None

Not Reported

Decreased LVEF

Alvi, et al.25

DLBCL & MM

137

Yes

None

Not Reported

None

Lefebvre, et al.26

NHL, B-ALL, & CLL

145

Yes

Prior arrhythmia

Not Reported

Increased LAVI, Increased MV E/e’

Shalabi, et al.27

Pediatric B-ALL & NHL

52

Yes

None

Not Reported

Decreased GLS

Ganatra, et al.28

NHL

187

Yes

Older age, Prior HTN, Prior HLD, Prior CAD

None

None

Brammer, et al.29

NHL

90

Yes

None

None

None

Wudhikarn, et al.31

DLBCL

60

No

None

None

None

Qi, et al. 202130

B-ALL, NHL, & MM

126

Yes

None

Elevated creatinine

None

Steiner, et al.35

DLBCL

165

Yes

Older age

None

Diastolic dysfunction

Lee, et al.32

MM

78

Yes

None

None

None

Lee, et al.33

NHL

90

No

Older age

Elevated creatinine

Increased LAVI

Mahmood, et al.34

NHL & B-ALL

202

Yes

Prior HTN, Prior arrhythmia, Prior HF

Elevated troponin, Elevated BNP

Decreased LVEF

Patel, et al.23

NHL, CLL, & MM

75

No

None

None

Decreased GLS, Increased MV E/e’

Lefebvre, et al.40 (Prospective)

NHL & B-ALL

44

No

None

None

None

Korell, et al.41 (Prospective)

NHL, B-ALL, & MM

137

No

None

None

None

  1. B-ALL B-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia, BNP brain natriuretic peptide, CAD coronary artery disease, CAR chimeric antigen receptor, CLL chronic lymphocytic leukemia, CRS cytokine release syndrome, CV cardiovascular, DLBCL diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, GLS global longitudinal strain, HF heart failure, HLD hyperlipidemia, HTN hypertension, LAVI left atrial volume index, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, MM multiple myeloma, MVmitral valve, NHL non-Hodgkins lymphoma.