Table 1 Comparison of typical sensor architectures
SPR (gold standard) | STR (this work) | ISFET | EIS | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Debye Screening Limited | Optical sensor, not affected | No (High-frequency operation, >100 MHz) | Yes | Somewhat (0 Hz– 1 MHz) |
Real-Time Kinetics | Yes | Yes (phase-resolved) | Limited (drift-sensitive, poor S/N) | Limited (slow freq sweep) |
Portability | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Cost | $100,00–$500,000 | $300 | $500–$2,000 | $5000–$25,000 |
