Fig. 2: Sampling points for PM10 concentration along Avenida da Liberdade.

This figure shows the spatial distribution of the nine PM10 sampling points (P1–P9) strategically located along and around Avenida da Liberdade, Lisbon. The red points indicate the specific collection locations where hourly PM10 concentration data (µg/m³) were extracted from the model simulations. Code and Data Availability: The selection of sampling points and spatial analysis were performed using QGIS.