Table 3 Post-trial (including long-term) follow-up: synthesis of the personal statements resulting from the correspondence (by telephone/mail/e-mail) done with each patient participant to our study

From: On the feasibility of using motor imagery EEG-based brain–computer interface in chronic tetraplegics for assistive robotic arm control: a clinical test and long-term post-trial follow-up

Patient initials (changed by convention)

Did you feel any discomfort during and/or immediately/long time (the next about 6 and 12 months, respectively, following the initial trial) after the experiments?

Did you feel you were controlling the BCI/BMI system?

  

The cursor

The robotic arm

XE

No

Yes, very much so

Yes, I felt I was controlling it very well

HD

No

No, didn’t have the feeling of control

XY

No

Yes, most of the time, with maximum concentration

The feeling of control was the same as with the cursor, but after 2–3 h of trial my concentration decreased

VZ

I had a headache, persisting the day after

CU

No

Yes, I had the feeling of control

YX

I was a bit tired immediately after the trial

Yes, I had a strong feeling of control; although I was able to concentrate, I was feeling tired at the end of the experiment and needed the intermittent bladder catheterization

QM

No

Yes

Yes, but a bit less than with the cursor

DZ

No

Yes, it was a great feeling to virtually move the legs and the arms

OK

I was a bit tired and sleepy immediately after the trial

Yes