Table 2 Mean timing of life cycle events (in DOY) for all species in all treatments in all years

From: Five years of phenology observations from a mixed-grass prairie exposed to warming and elevated CO2

Species

Year

Treatment

n

Leaf emergence

Leaf emergence SE

Flower production

Flower production SE

Seed maturation

Seed maturation SE

Canopy senescence

Canopy senescence SE

Arfr

2007

ct

5

—

—

238.50

1.80

257.4*

3.50

336.7*

2.20

Arfr

2007

cT

5

—

—

243.50

0.70

255.6*

2.40

331.60

7.80

Arfr

2007

Ct

4

—

—

238.00

2.00

250.8*

0.80

326.9*

8.30

Arfr

2007

CT

4

—

—

243.30

1.50

252.6*

1.30

336.8*

2.80

Arfr

2008

ct

5

87

3.10

261.30

3.90

274.9*

1.50

312.20

6.90

Arfr

2008

cT

5

90.7

6.40

266.20

8.00

276.7*

6.20

306.10

12.00

Arfr

2008

Ct

4

88.4

3.60

261.00

1.00

274.3*

0.70

325.7*

4.30

Arfr

2008

CT

4

81.1

2.80

260.00

 

270.5*

 

291.20

10.70

Arfr

2009

ct

5

82.1

3.90

260.70

2.70

—

 

311.00

5.30

Arfr

2009

cT

5

77.5*

1.00

259.40

2.50

—

 

310.5*

9.70

Arfr

2009

Ct

5

79.3*

2.20

264.60

6.00

—

 

333.3*

2.00

Arfr

2009

CT

5

83.3

1.60

261.30

3.60

—

 

339.9*

1.40

Arfr

2010

ct

5

95.2

2.00

236.20

2.00

259.6*

2.20

295.6*

2.20

Arfr

2010

cT

5

73.4

4.70

235.00

1.20

261.0*

3.30

296.0*

5.20

Arfr

2010

Ct

5

93.6

1.40

238.50

1.50

262.3*

3.90

289.50

6.60

Arfr

2010

CT

5

75.3

5.50

235.30

1.70

259.0*

3.00

298.3*

3.90

Arfr

2011

ct

5

93.8

2.90

227.20

1.10

278.80

2.80

295.50

4.20

Arfr

2011

cT

5

88.4

3.30

228.00

1.00

276.0*

0.00

304.0*

0.00

Arfr

2011

Ct

5

93.5

2.90

235.00

2.10

279.5*

3.50

297.0*

2.90

Arfr

2011

CT

5

88

2.60

228.80

1.80

278.0*

2.00

300.5*

3.50

Bogr

2007

ct

5

—

 

229.3

1.5

254.9

2.5

291.8

3

Bogr

2007

cT

5

—

 

227.3

0.9

252

1.8

299.7

2

Bogr

2007

Ct

5

—

 

228.6

1.1

249.6

0.9

304.1

1

Bogr

2007

CT

5

—

 

223.4

1.6

249.1

2.7

300.5

1.8

Bogr

2008

ct

5

116.1

1.2

241.7

1.8

268.3

0.7

303

0.5

Bogr

2008

cT

5

107.7

0.5

242.9

3.1

271.2

0.7

298.9

2.1

Bogr

2008

Ct

5

115.9

0.8

248

5.2

272.1

4.1

306.7

0.5

Bogr

2008

CT

5

107.7

1.7

240.2

2.4

263.8

2

309.9

1.6

Bogr

2009

ct

5

106.2

0.9

—

 

—

 

272.9

5.1

Bogr

2009

cT

5

105.4

0.7

210.7

 

223.0*

 

261.9

4.3

Bogr

2009

Ct

5

106.9

1.6

—

 

—

 

280.8

5.2

Bogr

2009

CT

5

106.2

1

204

 

—

 

269.3

6

Bogr

2010

ct

5

110.6

1.6

197.6

2.2

222.6

0.6

269.2

1.7

Bogr

2010

cT

5

86.4

6.7

192.8

3.6

215.8

0.7

260.2

5

Bogr

2010

Ct

5

112.2

2

202.4

2.5

221.6

2.2

271.6

2.9

Bogr

2010

CT

5

89.4

6.2

194

4.1

218.8

2

274.8

4.8

Bogr

2011

ct

5

115

0

220.6

2

239

3.5

292.8

1.7

Bogr

2011

cT

5

101

0

222.5

0.9

242.2

2.3

276.6

9.1

Bogr

2011

Ct

5

113.6

1.4

216.8

4.8

233.4

2.9

288.6

3.4

Bogr

2011

CT

5

101

0

212.8

6.2

234.2

4

298.4

1.4

Heco

2007

ct

5

—

 

184.7

0.7

205.2

3.6

318.8

0.2

Heco

2007

cT

4

—

 

179.4

2

206.6

3.4

333.4*

2

Heco

2007

Ct

4

—

 

184.2

3.6

202.6

3.8

325.8

1.1

Heco

2007

CT

5

—

 

179.4

2.1

197.3

1.4

333.2

2.2

Heco

2008

ct

5

89.3

0.8

180.8

5.1

203.1

4.1

320.7

3.3

Heco

2008

cT

4

82.5

1.1

174.5

1.9

193

1.8

325.8

3.4

Heco

2008

Ct

5

86.7*

0.9

181.9

4.4

205.4

4.8

317.4

7.2

Heco

2008

CT

5

85.2

0.6

175.3

1.9

194.2

1.3

331.1

0.8

Heco

2009

ct

5

81.5

1.7

188.2

3.2

204

0

267.5

14.4

Heco

2009

cT

4

78

1.6

189.5

3.8

204.5

0.4

297.5

7.8

Heco

2009

Ct

4

85.7

1.3

194.6

1.9

204.3

0.3

310.3

4.5

Heco

2009

CT

5

79.1

0.8

184.6

2.6

204.5

0.3

307.9

7.3

Heco

2010

ct

5

92.5

4

192.5

1.7

203.3

0.8

293.5

4.3

Heco

2010

cT

5

72.2

3

172.2

5.8

198.6

0.6

289.2

5.5

Heco

2010

Ct

5

95

0

185.8

3.6

201

1.3

292.0*

3.7

Heco

2010

CT

5

68.2

2.2

170

3

198

0

290.2

3

Heco

2011

ct

5

97.4

2.4

186.2

3.9

198.2

1.6

280.2

4.2

Heco

2011

cT

5

83.2

0.8

170.8

3.5

188.5

1.7

278

2

Heco

2011

Ct

5

91.6

2.9

183.2

4.3

197.4

1.6

279.2

2

Heco

2011

CT

5

81.6

1

168

1.8

187.2

0.7

279.2

2

Koma

2007

ct

4

—

 

158.0*

7.8

185.7

4.1

329.5

8.3

Koma

2007

cT

4

—

 

145.2*

1.7

184.9

1.7

322.8

10.6

Koma

2007

Ct

4

—

 

156.3*

5

190

5

307

31

Koma

2007

CT

2

—

 

167.2

 

185.8

 

309.8

0.8

Koma

2008

ct

5

85.9*

1.3

158.8*

2.5

178.7

1.4

322.6*

5.9

Koma

2008

cT

3

76.3*

3.3

153.8*

3.8

173.5

3.5

291.2

8

Koma

2008

Ct

3

93.4

4.7

158.3*

4.3

175.6

1.4

324.6

11

Koma

2008

CT

5

80.9*

1.3

156.7*

2.5

173.7

1.6

332.0*

5

Koma

2009

ct

4

78.4*

1.7

155.7*

4.4

186.4

1.7

317.4*

8.7

Koma

2009

cT

4

87.5

6.8

145.6*

0.7

187.9

1.1

292.2

2.9

Koma

2009

Ct

5

82.3

2.7

149.0*

1.6

187.5

5.5

321.5

14.6

Koma

2009

CT

5

93.4

4.4

144.9*

2.1

197.2

5.2

320.2

13.4

Koma

2010

ct

5

73.0*

3.4

149.6*

1

206

1.2

275

1.7

Koma

2010

cT

5

67.0*

1

145.0*

0

209

0

268.4

4.3

Koma

2010

Ct

5

70.4*

2.7

151.4*

2.1

208

1

274.4

1.5

Koma

2010

CT

5

68.2

2.2

147.8*

1.7

209

0

273

2.4

Koma

2011

ct

5

80.8*

1.5

156.0*

1.4

190

1.3

287.2

6.9

Koma

2011

cT

5

76.8*

0.8

146.6*

2.7

185.2

0.8

287.2

6.9

Koma

2011

Ct

5

81.6*

1.6

156.6*

1.3

190.8

2.6

291.4

6.4

Koma

2011

CT

5

76.8*

0.8

144.2*

1.7

185.8

1.1

278.7

2.7

Pasm

2007

ct

5

—

 

192.5

7.5

252

9

295.3

3.1

Pasm

2007

cT

5

—

 

193

 

228

 

288.7

8.2

Pasm

2007

Ct

5

—

 

190

 

233.3

 

291.5

4.6

Pasm

2007

CT

5

—

 

168

 

222

 

302.9

6.2

Pasm

2008

ct

5

98.2

3.7

194.5

4.5

212

0

304.7

2.5

Pasm

2008

cT

5

86.7

2.7

184

 

205

 

282.6

8.9

Pasm

2008

Ct

5

96.5

2.5

199

 

221

 

297.9

5.1

Pasm

2008

CT

5

94

5.9

188

 

205

 

296.3

3.9

Pasm

2009

ct

5

85.6

1.6

196

 

211

 

270.7

5

Pasm

2009

cT

5

86.4

4

206.8

5.6

221.3

1.7

270.3

3.4

Pasm

2009

Ct

5

88.8

3.3

204

 

217.0*

 

273.6

7.4

Pasm

2009

CT

5

82.8

1.5

196

0

220.0*

3

276.8

6.3

Pasm

2010

ct

5

99

0

188.8

3.3

233.7

1.7

261.6

3.9

Pasm

2010

cT

5

77

5.4

193.3

10.7

227.3

5.8

254.6

5.2

Pasm

2010

Ct

5

101.6

1.3

—

 

—

 

259

6.1

Pasm

2010

CT

5

83

 

193

 

237

 

256.6

2.4

Pasm

2011

ct

5

90.4

 

194.5

1.5

246

2

280.2

4.2

Pasm

2011

cT

5

80.8

 

174

1

250.3

4.7

274

8.8

Pasm

2011

Ct

5

97.6

 

175

 

217

 

287.4

3.5

Pasm

2011

CT

5

81.6

 

183

6

230.5

13.5

277.4

5.1

Spco

2007

ct

4

—

 

179

 

185

 

283.3

3.4

Spco

2007

cT

5

—

 

161

2

171

0

296

12.5

Spco

2007

Ct

4

—

 

166.5

2.9

180

5.5

281.5

3.5

Spco

2007

CT

5

—

 

159.0*

0

171

0

286.4

3.4

Spco

2008

ct

4

127

 

—

 

—

 

299.3

6.5

Spco

2008

cT

5

113.6

 

205

 

234

 

308

3.7

Spco

2008

Ct

5

126.4

 

177

 

184

 

290.6

4.2

Spco

2008

CT

5

112.8

 

170

 

177

 

306.8

3.2

Spco

2009

ct

1

84

 

—

 

—

 

—

 

Spco

2009

cT

3

78.7

 

161

 

—

 

286

7

Spco

2009

Ct

0

—

 

—

 

—

 

—

 

Spco

2009

CT

1

76.0*

 

—

 

—

 

—

 

Spco

2010

ct

5

—

 

190

11

211.5

2.5

290.8

1.2

Spco

2010

cT

5

71.5

 

178.8

4

210.3

1.3

288.4

1.5

Spco

2010

Ct

5

—

 

—

 

—

 

285.2

4.3

Spco

2010

CT

5

66.0*

 

176.5

2.5

211.5

2.5

282.8

3.5

Spco

2011

ct

5

115

 

189

 

196

 

284.4

3.4

Spco

2011

cT

5

87.7

 

176.4

1.9

186.6

0.6

287.2

4.8

Spco

2011

Ct

5

108

 

—

 

—

 

274.6

1.4

Spco

2011

CT

5

99

 

168

7

186

0

276.4

3.4

  1. Treatment designation are as follows: ct are the ambient CO2, ambient temperature treatments (i.e., control); cT are the ambient CO2, warmed treatments; Ct are the CO2 enriched, ambient temperature treatments; and CT are the CO2 enriched, warmed treatments. Marked (*) cells designate those species that initiated leaf emergence and flower production earliest, and seed maturation and senescence latest in the season within a treatment within a year. Standard errors (SE) are included in parenthesis where applicable. Where SE is blank, there was no variation in induction dates for that particular species or the sample size was not more than one individual per treatment per year. Number of plots (n) where species did occur per treatment is also included (maximum possible n is 5).
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