Table 2 Definitions of alien status categories in GAVIA.

From: The global avian invasions atlas, a database of alien bird distributions worldwide

Established

The species has formed self-sustaining populations in the area of introduction

Breeding

The species is known to be breeding/have bred in the area of introduction, but is not thought to be self-sustaining

Unsuccessful

The species has not formed self-sustaining populations (casual, incidental)

Died Out

The species was once established but has now completely died out in the area of introduction.

Extirpated

The species was once established but has now been actively exterminated in the area of introduction.

Unknown

The status of the species in the area of introduction is not known and further clarification is necessary to determine which of the other five categories is appropriate.