Figure 4 | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy

Figure 4

From: Sympathetic transmitters control thermogenic efficacy of brown adipocytes by modulating mitochondrial complex V

Figure 4

Sympathetic cotransmitter ATP enhances NE-induced thermogenic efficacy in BA by modulating the function of mitochondrial complex V. (a–d) Sympathetic cotransmitter ATP increases cytoplasmic and mitochondrial [Ca2+] in BA, which are both fluorescence-based ratiometric measurements. Scale bars, 20 μm. (a) Shows fluorescence images (excited by 380-nm or 340-nm laser) of Fura2-AM-stained BA before and after 10 μM ATP treatment, and positions in c are sequentially labeled with 1, 2 and 3. (b) Shows fluorescence images of 4mtD3cpv-transfected BA before and after 10 μM ATP treatment, and positions in d are sequentially labeled with 1, 2 and 3. (c and d) Show that ATP induces transient elevations of cytoplasmic (n=63) and mitochondrial (n=14) [Ca2+] in BA, respectively. (e–h) Fluorescence of AT1.03-based ratiometric measurements of cytoplasmic and mitochondrial ATP concentrations induced by extracellular ATP. (e and f) Show fluorescence images of AT1.03- and mitAT1.03-transfected BA before and after 10 μM ATP treatment, respectively. Scale bars, 20 μm. (g and h) Show the averaged change of cytoplasmic (n=28) and mitochondrial (n=31) ATP by 10 μM ATP treatment. All data points in c, d, g and h represent mean±s.e.m.

Back to article page