Figure 5
From: Non-thermal hot electrons ultrafastly generating hot optical phonons in graphite

Two-temperature model (a) and beyond (b).
The top panels show the transient change of Tel and Tcop . Hatched area indicates temporal region where Tel cannot be defined. The lower panels show electron distribution functions (f) at some selected moments. The major difference in the COP-generation mechanism between the two is whether they are generated by the thermal electrons (a) or by the non-thermal electrons (b).