Figure 3
Isoclines (lines on which λD = 1) of our model for competition between two stage-structured populations.
The solid lines indicate isoclines associated with population 1, while the dashed lines are associated with population 2. (a) The equilibrium for coexistence is stable. (b) The equilibrium for the exclusion of population 2 is stable and there is no equilibrium for coexistence. (c) The equilibrium for the exclusion of population 1 is stable and there is no equilibrium for coexistence. (d) The equilibria at both exclusion states are stable and the equilibrium for coexistence is unstable, exhibiting alternative steady states. Stable equilibrium points are indicated by circles and unstable equilibrium points are indicated by crosses. The arrows show the directions of the transition by the competition matrix when the two populations are close to the stable stage distribution.
