Figure 6

Nitric oxide restricted the production of thalidomide induced reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Endothelial cells were treated as described before. Total RNA was by isolated from the cells and reverse transcribed to cDNA using reverse transcriptase enzyme cDNA was amplified with sense and anti sense primers of caspase-3, FOXO1, FOXO3a and GAPDH. (B–D) Eahy926 cells or chick aorta were pre-treated and post treated with thalidomide, spNO or the combination for 4 h. Reactive oxygen species such as hydrogen peroxide, superoxide and peroxynitrite levels were estimated using amplex red, nitroblue tetrazolium and HPF assays respectively. Each of the assays were performed independently and normalized with respect to control values. *p<0.01 vs control; #p<0.01 vs Thal.