Figure 5

Height control approach to study spatially resolved electrochemical nucleation processes (a) topography of LICGC before bias sweeps from 0 to −4.2 V (b) cutoff potential map (c) current at the time that height compliance was achieved (e) height change (ΔZ) map obtained from I–V–Z curves at each location.The ΔZ compliance value used was 8 nm.