Table 1 The cytotoxicity (IC50) of PPE-based micelles and SCKs and some commonly utilized delivery vehicles, such as, Lipofectamine, PEI and Cremophor-EL in RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages. The cytotoxicity of the degradation products of PPE-nanoparticles and their PEBP-b-PBYP backbone are also included. Values are presented as mean ± SD of at least triplicates

From: Surface Charges and Shell Crosslinks Each Play Significant Roles in Mediating Degradation, Biofouling, Cytotoxicity and Immunotoxicity for Polyphosphoester-based Nanoparticles

Controls

IC50 (μg/mL) ± SD

PPE-Micelles

IC50 (μg/mL) ± SD

PPE-SCKs

IC50 (μg/mL) ± SD

PPE-Deg

IC50 (μg/mL) ± SD

Lipofectamine

31.4 ± 6

Anionic micelles

1705 ± 16

Anionic SCKs

761 ± 38

Anionic micelles-Deg

*

PEI

4.3 ± 1

Cationic micelles

180 ± 48

Cationic SCKs

*

Cationic micelles-Deg

*

Cremophor-EL

1700 ± 113

Zwitterionic micelles

*

Zwitterionic SCKs

*

Zwitterionic micelles-Deg

*

  

Non-ionic micelles

*

  

Non-ionic micelles-Deg

*

      

Anionic SCKs-Deg

*

      

Cationic SCKs-Deg

*

      

Zwitterionic SCKs-Deg

*

      

PEBP-b-PBYP-Deg

*

  1. *The IC50 values could not be determined because high cell-viabilities were observed over the range of the tested concentrations, up to 3000 μg/mL.