Figure 7
From: Design of a structure with low incident and viewing angle dependence inspired by Morpho butterflies

Constructing Model II.
(a) schematic of Model II using the PSO algorithm; 10 trees are simulated by adjusting ΔL1 ~ ΔL20 for each case; the algorithm is run 50 times and the results are averaged; (b) reflections versus viewing angle for N = 1 and N = 50; and (c) fitness value versus number of iterations for N = 1.