Figure 1

The ‘Mexican hat’ order parameter profile required by a superconducting rotor state, realizable e.g. in a superconducting (SC) film with (a) embedded normal-metal ring (annular S-N-S junction), (b) etched “blind” ring on the surface, (c) a ferromagnetic (FM) dot on top with out-of-plane magnetization (M), or (d) ferroelectric (FE) film on top with ring-shaped domain of inverted polarization (P), or (e) graphene flake placed on top of a SC film with ring-shaped perforation.