Figure 2

Electric-field tuned strain behavior along [110] direction.

(a) and (b) S-E curves along the [110] direction measured by continuous and pulsed measurements, respectively. (c) The curve obtained by subtracting the strain values in the loop-like S-E curves (Figure 2b) from those in asymmetric butterfly curves (Figure 2a). (d) The stable and remarkable high/low remanent strain states achieved by switching the polarity of the pulsed electric field.