Figure 1
From: Adhesion force measurements on the two wax layers of the waxy zone in Nepenthes alata pitchers
Micro-morphology of test surfaces.
(A) Longitudinally dissected pitcher of N. alata. (B) Fracture of the wax coverage in the waxy zone, consisting of two layers, the upper and the lower wax layer. (C) Top view of upper wax layer where separate platelet-shaped wax crystals bearing thin stalks are clearly visible. (D) Top view of the lower wax layer, composed of interconnected platelets with cavities in-between. (E) Micro-rough epoxy resin replica with an asperity size of 3 μm. (F) Smooth epoxy resin replica. CA, cavities; CU, cuticle; IP, interconnected membranous platelets; LL, lower layer; ST, stalks; SP, separate irregular platelets; UL, upper wax layer; WZ, waxy zone. (B–D) Cryo-SEM micrographs. (E,F) SEM micrographs.
