Table 2 Summary risk estimates of the association between parous and pancreatic cancer.

From: Parity and pancreatic cancer risk: evidence from a meta-analysis of twenty epidemiologic studies

 

No. of reports

RR (95%CI)

P

I 2

Ph*

Overall

38

0.91 (0.85–0.97)

<0.01

39.0

0.01

Subgroup analysis

     

Study design

     

Cohort

24

0.89 (0.84–0.95)

<0.01

28.7

0.10

Case-control

14

0.95 (0.76–1.18)

0.62

50.6

0.02

Number of cases

     

<100

27

0.90 (0.81–1.00)

0.05

26.8

0.10

>100

11

0.81 (0.84–0.99)

0.03

60.2

0.01

Location

     

Europe

15

0.82 (0.76–0.89)

<0.01

16.3

0.27

North America

23

0.97 (0.89–1.04)

0.37

20.8

0.18

  1. *P value for heterogeneity.
  2. Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.