Figure 2

Antifungal activities of ZnO NPs, thiram and ZnO-thiram.

Part a, Antifungal activity of ZnO NPs alone. Part b, Antifungal activity of thiram alone. Part c, Antifungal activity of 0.25 g/L ZnO NPs with increasing thiram concentrations. (c1) 0.25 g/L ZnO (green column), 0.00125 g/L thiram (red column), 0.25 g/L ZnO with 0.00125 g/L thiram (blue column); (c2) 0.25 g/L ZnO (green column), 0.0025 g/L thiram (red column), 0.25 g/L ZnO with 0.0025 g/L thiram (blue column); (c3) 0.25 g/L ZnO (green column), 0.005 g/L thiram (red column), 0.25 g/L ZnO with 0.005 g/L thiram (blue column); (c4) 0.25 g/L ZnO (green column), 0.01 g/L thiram (red column), 0.25 g/L ZnO with 0.01 g/L thiram (blue column); (c5) 0.25 g/L ZnO (green column), 0.02 g/L thiram (red column), 0.25 g/L ZnO with 0.02 g/L thiram (blue column). Part d, Antifungal activity of 0.01 g/L thiram with increasing ZnO concentrations. (d1) 0.05 g/L ZnO (green column), 0.01 g/L thiram (red column), 0.05 g/L ZnO with 0.01 g/L thiram (blue column); (d2) 0.1 g/L ZnO (green column), 0.01 g/L thiram (red column), 0.1 g/L ZnO with 0.01 g/L thiram (blue column); (d3) 0.25 g/L ZnO (green column), 0.01 g/L thiram (red column), 0.25 g/L ZnO with 0.01 g/L thiram (blue column); (d4) 0.5 g/L ZnO (green column), 0.01 g/L thiram (red column), 0.5 g/L ZnO with 0.01 g/L thiram (blue column); (d5) 1.0 g/L ZnO (green column), 0.01 g/L thiram (red column), 1.0 g/L ZnO with 0.01 g/L thiram (blue column). Error bars are standard errors with n = 3.