Table 1 Number of specimens attributed to genus Columba (cf. Columba livia/oenas and Columba palumbus) from Gorham's Cave, Gibraltar. *Stratigraphic units/levels taken from Finlayson et al.16 and Barton et al.27. **Units containing Columba palumbus specimens: LBSmcf.2 = 2; LBSmcf.4 = 2; LBSmcf.5 = 3; LBSmcf.9 = 1; LBSmcf.11 = 3; LBSmcf.13 = 1; SSLm (Usm).5 = 3. NISP = Number of Identified Specimens; MNE = Minimal Number of Elements; MNI = Minimal Number of Individuals; Cm = Cut-marks; B Br = Bone breakage by overextension; Burn = Burned bones; Carniv = Carnivore damage. See Supplementary Material (Tables S1–S4) for more detail

From: The earliest pigeon fanciers

  

Columba

 

n

   

%

   

Site location area

Stratigraphic units*

NISP

MNE

MNI

Cm

B Br

Burn

Carniv

Cm

B Br

Burn

Carniv

Inner area

III

360

335

37

5

8

21

7

1.39

2.22

5.83

1.94

 

IV

481

426

55

16

6

43

8

3.33

1.25

8.94

1.66

Outer area

BeSm (Ossm).1

2

2

1

        
 

BeSm (PLSsm).3

81

70

8

2

 

9

2

2.47

 

11.11

2.47

 

LBSmff.1 (fine facies)

10

9

3

        
 

LBSmcf.1 (coarse facies)

3

2

1

  

1

   

33.33

 
 

LBSmcf.2**

116

93

12

5

2

27

 

4.31

1.72

23.28

 
 

LBSmcf.4**

195

157

22

2

5

58

 

1.03

2.56

29.74

 
 

LBSmcf. 1–4 general

11

9

2

        
 

LBSmcf.5**

52

47

7

 

1

5

  

1.92

9.62

 
 

LBSmcf.6

17

17

3

        
 

LBSmcf.7

22

20

2

  

2

   

9.09

 
 

LBSmcf.8

47

41

3

1

 

3

 

2.13

 

6.38

 
 

LBSmcf.9**

160

130

15

 

1

4

  

0.63

2.50

 
 

LBSmcf.10

3

3

1

        
 

LBSmcf.11**

58

53

8

   

1

   

1.72

 

LBSmcf.12

29

27

4

  

4

   

13.79

 
 

LBSmcf.13**

8

8

3

   

1

   

12.50

 

SSLm (Usm).3

2

2

1

        
 

SSLm (Usm).5**

67

58

10

2

 

2

2

2.99

0.00

2.99

2.99

  

1724

1509

198

33

23

179

21

1.91

1.33

10.38

1.22

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