Figure 3 | Scientific Reports

Figure 3

From: Microneedle-mediated immunization of an adenovirus-based malaria vaccine enhances antigen-specific antibody immunity and reduces anti-vector responses compared to the intradermal route

Figure 3

Microneedle-mediated immunization permits effective boosting by the adenovirus vaccine.

Mice were immunized with 1 × 1010 vp HAdV5-PyMSP142 by the intradermal (ID) route or using a silicon microneedle patch type D (MN) at day 0 and day 56, using the same (ID/ID or MN/MN) or alternative route (ID/MN, MN/ID) at each immunization. One group of mice received one immunization by the ID route (ID/−). Total IgG titers to (A) the encoded malaria antigen (PyMSP119) or (B) a non-recombinant HAdV5 vector in the serum at 35 or 54 days after the first immunization or 2 weeks post-boost at day 74. (C) The ratio of antigen-specific total IgG responses to the anti-vector antibody response at 2 weeks post-boost. The mean and SEM (n = 5 mice per group) are shown. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 by one way ANOVA with Bonferroni's multiple comparison posttest.

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