Figure 5 | Scientific Reports

Figure 5

From: Combined biophysical and soluble factor modulation induces cardiomyocyte differentiation from human muscle derived stem cells

Figure 5

Contractile Properties of Artificial Muscle Tissue.

(a) Force-strain relation of AMT. AMT increased force in response to increasing strain (Frank-Starling). * P < 0.05 vs. baseline. † P < 0.05 vs AMT. (b) Force-frequency relation of AMT at stimulation rates of 1–5 Hz. (c) Contractile response of AMT to isoproterenol. Values are expressed relative to pre-treatment values. ** P < 0.001 vs. AMT. (d) Contractile response of AMT to extracellular calcium. Calcium concentration of the bathing solution was increased from 2 mM to 5 mM.

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