Figure 4
From: Inherent directionality explains the lack of feedback loops in empirical networks
Fraction of feedback loops, F(k), versus the directionality parameter γ.
F(k) has a maximum at γ = 1/2, for which all link directions are randomly set, giving rise to the largest possible fraction of directed loops. On the other side, F(k) vanishes for γ = 0 and for γ = 1 as expected. Notice also that the curves are symmetric around γ = 1/2 and that for values of γ different from 1/2 one has a directionality-induced lack of feedback loops.
