Figure 2

5′ tRH abundance in HBV- and HCV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma.

(b) Abundance (RT-qPCR) of (left) 5′ tRH^Gly (Gly[C/G]CC) and (right) 5′ tRH^Val (Val[A/C]AC) in (top) non-malignant (n = 9) and cancer tissue (n = 10) from HBV-infected subjects and (bottom) non-malignant (n = 14) and cancer tissue (n = 15) from HCV-infected subjects. Box and whisker plots are overlaid with data from each sample; whiskers extend to 1.5 * interquartile range. P-values calculated using Mann-Whitney U-test. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.005. (b) Proportion of mapped reads aligning to tRNAs for the paired cancer and non-cancer tissue from subjects with chronic hepatitis B (n = 3) and hepatitis C (n = 4) (c) Correlation heatmap of tRNA-derived RNA expression profiles determined by small RNA sequencing. The colors of the cells represent Spearman's rank correlation coefficients of the relative levels of the 10 most abundant tRNA-derived RNAs between all pairs of tissue samples sequenced (n = 20). (d) Proportion of mapped reads that align to 5′ tRH^Gly and 5′ tRH^Val in non-malignant and cancer tissue from (top) HBV-infected and (bottom) HCV-infected subjects. “Mapped reads” represents all reads aligning to miRNAs or tRNAs (see Methods).