Table 2 Results of subgroup and meta-regression analyses
From: The prognostic value of phosphorylated Akt in breast cancer: a systematic review
Outcomes, factors and subgroups | No. of studies | No. of patients | Summary HR (95% CI) | Heterogeneity | Meta-regression P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Overall survival: | 20 | 6349 | 1.52 (1.29–1.78) | I2 = 58.4%, P = 0.001 | |
1. Population | |||||
Asian | 9 | 2089 | 1.71 (1.30–2.26) | I2 = 77.4%, P = 0.000 | 0.430 |
Non-Asian | 11 | 4260 | 1.39 (1.20–1.61) | I2 = 0.0%, P = 0.515 | |
2. Sample size | |||||
<142 | 11 | 1078 | 1.72 (1.35–2.20) | I2 = 38.8%, P = 0.090 | 0.183 |
≥142 | 9 | 5271 | 1.36 (1.13–1.64) | I2 = 60.3%, P = 0.010 | |
3. ER-positive patients | |||||
<50% | 5 | 518 | 1.68 (1.16–2.44) | I2 = 45.9%, P = 0.116 | 0.353 |
≥50% | 12 | 5370 | 1.37 (1.14–1.64) | I2 = 55.1%, P = 0.011 | |
4. PR-positive patients | |||||
<50% | 6 | 1473 | 1.48 (1.02–2.15) | I2 = 53.4%, P = 0.057 | 0.680 |
≥50% | 5 | 2495 | 1.61 (1.21–2.16) | I2 = 39.0%, P = 0.161 | |
5. HER2-positive patients | |||||
<50% | 10 | 5198 | 1.50 (1.20–1.88) | I2 = 67.4%, P = 0.001 | 0.557 |
≥50% | 5 | 486 | 1.74 (1.27–2.39) | I2 = 0.0%, P = 0.500 | |
6. pAkt overexpression rate | |||||
<50.4% | 11 | 3741 | 1.69 (1.33–2.14) | I2 = 61.5%, P = 0.004 | 0.690 |
≥50.4% | 8 | 2330 | 1.50 (1.27–1.77) | I2 = 0.0%, P = 0.793 | |
7. Hormonal treatment | |||||
Yes | 1 | 130 | 2.17 (1.01–4.68) | NA | 0.452 |
No | 19 | 6219 | 1.50 (1.28–1.76) | I2 = 59.0%, P = 0.001 | |
8. Trastuzumab | |||||
Yes | 3 | 261 | 1.63 (0.94–2.81) | I2 = 20.4%, P = 0.285 | 0.801 |
No | 17 | 6088 | 1.51 (1.21–1.78) | I2 = 62.1%, P = 0.000 | |
9. Follow-up length | |||||
<5 years | 5 | 441 | 1.78 (1.22–2.61) | I2 = 22.5%, P = 0.271 | 0.398 |
≥5 years | 15 | 5908 | 1.47 (1.24–1.74) | I2 = 61.9%, P = 0.001 | |
10. Effect measure | |||||
Hazard ratio | 18 | 6171 | 1.51 (1.27–1.81) | I2 = 60.1%, P = 0.001 | 0.766 |
Risk ratio | 2 | 178 | 1.56 (1.24–1.97) | I2 = 0.0%, P = 0.523 | |
11. Analyzing method | |||||
Univariate | 14 | 2960 | 1.56 (1.26–1.93) | I2 = 66.7%, P = 0.000 | 0.861 |
Multivariate | 6 | 3389 | 1.40 (1.12–1.74) | I2 = 24.1%, P = 0.253 | |
12. Study quality score | |||||
<7 | 12 | 2594 | 1.37 (1.13–1.66) | I2 = 54.5%, P = 0.012 | 0.159 |
≥7 | 8 | 3755 | 1.81 (1.36–2.42) | I2 = 61.0%, P = 0.012 | |
Disease-free survival: | 24 | 8683 | 1.28 (1.13–1.45) | I2 = 74.2%, P = 0.000 | |
1. Population | |||||
Asian | 13 | 3272 | 1.36 (1.09–1.69) | I2 = 75.2%, P = 0.000 | 0.796 |
Non-Asian | 11 | 5411 | 1.24 (1.05–1.47) | I2 = 71.2%, P = 0.000 | |
2. Sample size | |||||
<142 | 11 | 1095 | 1.70 (1.28–2.26) | I2 = 58.5%, P = 0.007 | 0.061 |
≥142 | 13 | 7588 | 1.13 (1.01–1.28) | I2 = 70.6%, P = 0.000 | |
3. ER-positive patients | |||||
<50% | 2 | 154 | 1.32 (0.47–3.69) | I2 = 78.8%, P = 0.030 | 0.796 |
≥50% | 19 | 7907 | 1.18 (1.05–1.33) | I2 = 68.5%, P = 0.000 | |
4. PR-positive patients | |||||
<50% | 6 | 2086 | 1.07 (0.82–1.40) | I2 = 57.8%, P = 0.037 | 0.315 |
≥50% | 8 | 4210 | 1.45 (1.03–2.04) | I2 = 74.2%, P = 0.000 | |
5. HER2-positive patients | |||||
<50% | 16 | 7679 | 1.21 (1.05–1.40) | I2 = 73.2%, P = 0.000 | 0.569 |
≥50% | 3 | 264 | 1.08 (0.60–1.95) | I2 = 26.8%, P = 0.255 | |
6. pAkt overexpression rate | |||||
<50.4% | 13 | 4438 | 1.38 (1.14–1.67) | I2 = 66.6%, P = 0.000 | 0.575 |
≥50.4% | 10 | 3967 | 1.27 (0.98–1.63) | I2 = 77.0%, P = 0.000 | |
7. Hormonal treatment | |||||
Yes | 3 | 295 | 2.74 (1.16–6.52) | I2 = 74.4%, P = 0.020 | 0.067 |
No | 21 | 8388 | 1.21 (1.07–1.36) | I2 = 69.4%, P = 0.000 | |
8. Trastuzumab | |||||
Yes | 1 | 44 | 0.77 (0.38–1.58) | NA | 0.322 |
No | 23 | 8639 | 1.30 (1.14–1.47) | I2 = 75.1%, P = 0.000 | |
9. Follow-up length | |||||
<5 years | 6 | 1479 | 1.60 (0.88–2.89) | I2 = 78.5%, P = 0.000 | 0.572 |
≥5 years | 18 | 7204 | 1.24 (1.10–1.41) | I2 = 73.4%, P = 0.000 | |
10. Effect measure | |||||
Hazard ratio | 18 | 5998 | 1.42 (1.14–1.75) | I2 = 71.2%, P = 0.000 | 0.435 |
Risk ratio | 6 | 2685 | 1.21 (1.03–1.42) | I2 = 71.3%, P = 0.000 | |
11. Analyzing method | |||||
Univariate | 12 | 3886 | 1.16 (1.02–1.31) | I2 = 68.8%, P = 0.000 | 0.106 |
Multivariate | 12 | 4797 | 1.65 (1.22–2.22) | I2 = 76.1%, P = 0.000 | |
12. Study quality score | |||||
<7 | 9 | 2397 | 1.14 (1.00–1.31) | I2 = 33.1%, P = 0.153 | 0.403 |
≥7 | 15 | 6286 | 1.41 (1.15–1.71) | I2 = 81.4%, P = 0.000 | |