Figure 7 | Scientific Reports

Figure 7

From: Optimal microdomain crosstalk between endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria for Ca2+ oscillations

Figure 7

Schematic representation of how mitochondria modulate [Ca2+]Cyt.

IP3R channel is regulated by Ca2+ in a biphasic manner: a lower [Ca2+]Cyt promotes Ca2+ release and causes its elevation whereas higher [Ca2+]Cyt inhibits Ca2+ release. There is a critical distance at which 50% of the IP3R-released Ca2+ ions are taken up by mitochondria. When r<rcrt, mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake exerts a negative control on IP3R-released Ca2+ by preventing the positive effect of low [Ca2+]Cyt on IP3R; whilst when r > rcrt, mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake provides a positive modulation on IP3R-released Ca2+ by suppressing the negative effect of high [Ca2+]Cyt on IP3R. Ca2+ oscillations merely occur for moderate values of [IP3] (orange range) with physiological amplitude (gray range), so the optimal distance of IP3R-MCU should be within the intersection zone between the gray and orange range.

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