Figure 2 | Scientific Reports

Figure 2

From: N-Glycosylation of cholera toxin B subunit in Nicotiana benthamiana: impacts on host stress response, production yield and vaccine potential

Figure 2

Relationship between stress response and N-glycosylation in CTB overexpression.

RT-qPCR analysis of stress genes: (a) BiP (b) PDI (c) bZIP60 (d) SKP1 (e) 26Sα (f) PR1a. RNA was extracted from leaf tissues at 2 dpi. Starting amounts of cDNA for each gene were normalized to that of 18S ribosomal RNA (reference gene). Data were plotted as fold increase to the average normalized value for non-infiltrated plants and are expressed as means ± SEM of biological replicates (n = 9). **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ns: not significant, one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni's multiple comparison test. Numbers 1-3 correspond to empty vector-infiltrated, gCTB-expressing and N4S-CTB-expressing plants, respectively. (g) Left: Detection of ubiquitinated CTB in leaf extracts at 3 dpi by ELISA. Data were plotted as fold increase to the average value for empty vector infiltrated plants and are expressed as means ± SEM (n = 3). **P < 0.01; unpaired two-tailed t-test. Numbers 1 and 2 correspond to gCTB- and N4S-CTB-expressing plants, respectively. Right: Schematic depicting ubiquitin ELISA.

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